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UNESCO and the Republic of Serbia help people have fuller advantage of information flows

As Internet use and access to information continue to rise at a rapid rate so does the amount of beneficial and harmful content The concerns are dual They are obviously about the dangers of harmful content itself to all people There are also worries about how the detrimental content crowd out and makes it difficult to identify beneficial content

Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: Intercultural dialogue for the future

Intercultural dialogue dialogue for the future is a project implemented by Group 484 a nongovernmental organisation in Serbia in partnership with Vaša prava BiH Association a nonprofit organisation in Bosnia and Herzegovina This is a joint effort to strengthen the capacity of young people promote cultural diversity and intercultural understanding improve the education system in order to achieve social cohesion but also to improve dialogue and action for the common good in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia

Media and Information Literacy in Function of Development of Critical Thinking and Public Advocacy of the Youth

A team of experts from the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Belgrade tailormade an online workshop titled Media and Information Literacy in Function of Development of Critical Thinking and Public Advocacy of the Youth for 43 students from the Universities of Novi Sad Nis and Belgrade The event aimed to empower and enhance peacebuilding capacities of students in public advocacy campaigning

International experts deliberate on draft global standards for a curriculum on Media and Information Literacy

September 12, 2019

Proposing principles for today’s media policy

November 16, 2017

Five Serbian ministries of government joined forces to enable media and information literacy policies and strategies

UNESCO supports Press Council in Serbia to act against online copyrights infringement

Director-General urges investigation into murder of broadcast journalist Luka Popov in Serbia

Serbia to host regional meeting of the National Commissions for UNESCO

Recommendation concerning the Status of the Artist

p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization meeting in Belgrade from 23 September to 28 October 1980 at its twentyfirst sessionp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthat under the terms of Article I of its Constitution the purpose of the Organization is to contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education science and culture in order to further universal respect for justice for the rule of law and for the human rights and fundamental freedoms which are affirmed for the peoples of the world without distinction of race sex language or relation by the Charter of the United Nationsp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthe terms of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and particularly Articles 22 23 24 25 27 and 28 thereof quoted in the annex to this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthe terms of the United Nations International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights particularly its Articles 6 and 15 quoted in the annex to this Recommendation and the need to adopt the necessary measures for the preservation development and dissemination of culture with a view to ensuring the full exercise of these rightsp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthe Declaration of the Principles of International Cultural Cooperation adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO at its fourteenth session particularly its Articles III and IV which are quoted in the annex to this Recommendation as well as the Recommendation on Participation by the People at Large in Cultural Life and their Contribution to it adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO at its nineteenth sessionnbspp p styletextalign justifystrongRecognizingstrongnbspthat the arts in their fullest and broadest definition are and should be an integral part of life and that it is necessary and appropriate for governments to help create and sustain not only a climate encouraging freedom of artistic expression but also the material conditions facilitating the release of this creative talentp p styletextalign justifystrongRecognizingstrongnbspthat every artist is entitled to benefit effectively from the social security and insurance provisions contained in the basic texts Declarations Covenant and Recommendation mentioned abovep p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat the artist plays an important role in the life and evolution of society and that he should be given the opportunity to contribute to societys development and as any other citizen to exercise his responsibilities therein while preserving his creative inspiration and freedom of expressionp p styletextalign justifystrongFurther recognizingstrongnbspthat the cultural technological economic social and political development of society influences the status of the artist and that it is consequently necessary to review his status taking account of social progress in the worldp p styletextalign justifystrongAffirmingstrongnbspthe right of the artist to be considered if he so wishes as a person actively engaged in cultural work and consequently to benefit taking account of the particular conditions of his artistic profession from all the legal social and economic advantages pertaining to the status of workersp p styletextalign justifystrongAffirming furtherstrongnbspthe need to improve the social security labour and tax conditions of the artist whether employed or selfemployed taking into account the contribution to cultural development which the artist makesp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthe importance universally acknowledged both nationally and internationally of the preservation and promotion of cultural identity and of the role in this field of artists who perpetuate the practice of traditional arts and also interpret a nations folklorep p styletextalign justifystrongRecognizingstrongnbspthat the vigour and vitality of the arts depend eminter aliaem on the wellbeing of artists both individually and collectivelyp p styletextalign justifystrongRecallingstrongnbspthe conventions and recommendations of the International Labour Organization ILO which have recognized the rights of workers in general and hence the rights of artists and in particular the conventions and recommendations listed in the appendix to this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifystrongTaking notestrongnbsphowever that some of the International Labour Organization standards allow for derogations or even expressly exclude artists or certain categories of them owing to the special conditions in which artistic activity takes place and that it is consequently necessary to extend their field of application and to supplement them by other standardsp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspfurther that this recognition of their status as persons actively engaged in cultural work should in no way compromise their freedom of creativity expression and communication but should on the contrary confirm their dignity and integrityp p styletextalign justifystrongConvincedstrongnbspthat action by the public authorities is becoming necessary and urgent in order to remedy the disquieting situation of artists in a large number of Member States particularly with regard to human rights economic and social circumstances and their conditions of employment with a view to providing artists with the conditions necessary for the development and flowering of their talents and appropriate to the role that they are able to play in the planning and implementation of cultural policies and cultural development activities of communities and countries and in the improvement of the quality of lifep p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat art plays an important part in education and that artists by their works may influence the conception of the world held by all people and particularly by youthp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat artists must be able collectively to consider and if necessary defend their common interests and therefore must have the right to be recognized as a professional category and to constitute trade union or professional organizationsp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat the development of the arts the esteem in which they are held and the promotion of arts education depend in large measure on the creativity of artistsp p styletextalign justifystrongAwarestrong ofnbspthe complex nature of artistic activity and of the diverse forms it takes and in particular of the importance for the living conditions and the development of the talents of artists of the protection of their moral and material rights in their works or performances or the use made of them and of the need to extend and reinforce such protectionp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthe need to endeavour to take account as far as possible of the opinion both of artists and of the people at large in the formulation and implementation of cultural policies and for that purpose to provide them with the means for effective actionp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat contemporary artistic expression is presented in public places and that these should be laid out so as to take account of the opinions of the artists concerned therefore that there should be close cooperation between architects contractors and artists in order to lay down aesthetic guidelines for public places which will respond to the requirements of communication and make an effective contribution to the establishment of new and meaningful relationships between the public and its environmentp p styletextalign justifystrongTaking into accountstrongnbspthe diversity of circumstances of artists in different countries and within the communities in which they are expected to develop their talents and the varying significance attributed to their works by the societies in which they are producedp p styletextalign justifystrongConvincedstrongnbspnevertheless that despite such differences questions of similar concern arise in all countries with regard to the status of the artist and that a common will and inspiration are called for if a solution is to be found and if the status of the artist is to be improved which is the intention of this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifystrongTaking notestrongnbspof the provisions of the international conventions in force relating more particularly to literary and artistic property and in particular of the Universal Convention and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and of those relating to the protection of the rights of performers of the resolutions of the General Conference of the recommendations made by UNESCOs intergovernmental conferences on cultural policies and of the conventions and recommendations adopted by the International Labour Organization listed in the appendix to this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving before itstrongnbspas item 31 of the agenda of the session proposals concerning the status of the artistp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving decidedstrongnbspat its twentieth session that this question should be the subject of a recommendation to Member Statesp p styletextalign justifystrongAdoptsstrongnbspthis Recommendation this twentyseventh day of October 1980p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conferencenbsprecommends that Member States implement the following provisions taking whatever legislative or other steps may be requiredin conformity with the constitutional practice of each State and the nature of the questions under consideration to apply the principles and norms set forth in this Recommendation within their respective territoriesp p styletextalign justifyFor those States which have a federal or nonunitary constitutional system the General Conference recommends that with regard to the provisions of this Recommendation the implementation of which comes under the legal jurisdiction of individual constituent States countries provinces cantons or any other territorial and political subdivisions that are not obliged by the constitutional system of the federation to take legislative measures the federal government be invited to inform the competent authorities of such States countries provinces or cantons of the said provisions with its recommendation for their adoptionp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conferencenbsprecommends that Member States bring this Recommendation to the attention of authorities institutions and organizations in a position to contribute to improvement of the status of the artist and to foster the participation of artists in cultural life and developmentp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conferencenbsprecommends that Member States report to it on dates and in a manner to be determined by it on the action they have taken to give effect to this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerI Definitionsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyFor the purposes of this Recommendationp p styletextalign justify1 Artistnbspis taken to mean any person who creates or gives creative expression to or recreates works of art who considers his artistic creation to be an essential part of his life who contributes in this way to the development of art and culture and who is or asks to be recognized as an artist whether or not he is bound by any relations of employment or associationp p styletextalign justify2 The world statusnbspsignifies on the one hand the regard accorded to artists defined as above in a society on the basis of the importance attributed to the part they are called upon to play therein and on the other hand recognition of the liberties and rights including moral economic and social rights with particular reference to income and social security which artists should enjoyp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerII Scope of applicationh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThis Recommendation applies to all artists as defined in paragraph 11 irrespective of the discipline or form of art practiced by such artists These include eminter aliaem all creative artists and authors within the meaning of the Universal Copyright Convention and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works as well as performers and interpreters within the meaning of the Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizationsp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIII Guiding principlesh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 Member States recognizing that art reflects preserves and enriches the cultural identity and spiritual heritage of the various societies constitutes a universal form of expression and communication and as a common denominator in ethnic cultural or religious differences brings home to everyone the sense of belonging to the human community should accordingly and for these purposes ensure that the population as a whole has access to artp p styletextalign justify2 Member States should encourage all activities designed to highlight the action of artists for cultural development including in particular activities carried out by the mass media and the educational system and for the employment of leisure for cultural purposesp p styletextalign justify3 Member States recognizing the essential role of art in the life and development of the individual and of society accordingly have a duty to protect defend and assist artists and their freedom of creation For this purpose they should take all necessary steps to stimulate artistic creativity and the flowering of talent in particular by adopting measures to secure greater freedom for artists without which they cannot fulfill their mission and to improve their status by acknowledging their right to enjoy the fruits of their work Member States should endeavour by all appropriate means to secure increased participation by artists in decisions concerning the quality of life By all means at their disposal Member States should demonstrate and confirm that artistic activities have a part to play in the nations global development effort to build a juster and more humane society and to live together in circumstances of peace and spiritual enrichmentp p styletextalign justify4 Member States should ensure through appropriate legislative means when necessary that artists have the freedom and the right to establish trade unions and professional organizations of their choosing and to become members of such organizations if they so wish and should make it possible for organizations representing artists to participate in the formulation of cultural policies and employment policies including the professional training of artists and in the determination of artists conditions of workp p styletextalign justify5 At all appropriate levels of national planning in general and of planning in the cultural field in particular Member States should make arrangements by close coordination of their policies relating to culture education and employment among other things to define a policy for providing assistance and material and moral support for artists and should ensure that public opinion is informed of the justification and the need for such a policy To that end education should place due emphasis on the encouragement of artistic awareness so as to create a public capable of appreciating the work of the artist Without prejudice to the rights that should be accorded to them under copyright legislation including resale rights droit de suite when this is not part of copyright and under neighboring rights legislation artists should enjoy equitable conditions and their profession should be given the public consideration that it merits Their conditions of work and of employment should be such as to provide opportunities for artists who so wish to devote themselves fully to their artistic activitiesp p styletextalign justify6 Since freedom of expression and communication is the essential prerequisite for all artistic activities Member States should see that artists are unequivocally accorded the protection provided for in this respect by international and national legislation concerning human rightsp p styletextalign justify7 In view of the role of artistic activity and creation in the cultural and overall development of nations Member States should create conditions enabling artists fully to participate either individually or through their associations or trade unions in the life of the communities in which they practice their art They should associate them in the formulation of local and national cultural policies thus stressing their important contribution in their own society as well as towards world progress in generalp p styletextalign justify8 Member States should ensure that all individuals irrespective of race colour sex language religion political or other opinion national or social origin economic status or birth have the same opportunities to acquire and develop the skills necessary for the complete development and exercise of their artistic talents to obtain employment and to exercise their profession without discriminationp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIV The vocation and training of the artisth4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 Member States should encourage at school and from an early age all measures tending to strengthen respect for artistic creation and the discovery and development of artistic vocations and should bear in mind that if it is to be effective the stimulation of artistic creativity calls for provision of the necessary professional training of talent to produce works of outstanding quality For this purpose Member States shouldp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifytake the necessary measures to provide an education designed to stimulate artistic talent and vocationli li styletextalign justifytake all appropriate measures in association with artists to ensure that education gives due prominence to the development of artistic sensitivity and so contributes to the training of a public receptive to the expression of art in all its formsli li styletextalign justifytake all appropriate measures whenever possible to institute or develop the teaching of particular artistic disciplinesli li styletextalign justifyseek by means of incentives such as the granting of fellowships or paid educational leave to ensure that artists have the opportunity to bring their knowledge up to date in their own disciplines or in related specialities and fields to improve their technical skills to establish contacts which will stimulate creativity and to undergo retraining so as to have access to and work in other branches of art for these purposes Member States should see that appropriate facilities are provided and that those already existing are where necessary improved and developedli li styletextalign justifyadopt and develop coordinated comprehensive vocational guidance and training policies and programmes taking into consideration the particular employment situation of artists and enabling them to enter other sectors of activity if necessaryli li styletextalign justifystimulate artists participation in the restoration conservation and use of the cultural heritage in the widest sense of the term and provide artists with the means of transmitting to future generations the knowledge and artistic skills which they possessli li styletextalign justifyrecognize the importance in arts and craft training of the traditional ways of transmitting knowledge and in particular of the initiation practices of various communities and take all appropriate measures to protect and encourage themli li styletextalign justifyrecognize that art education should not be separated from the practice of living art and see that such education is reoriented in such a way that cultural establishments theatres art studios radio and television broadcasting organizations etc play an important part in this type of training and apprenticeshipli li styletextalign justifygive particular attention to the development of womens creativity and the encouragement of groups and organizations which seek to promote the role of women in the various branches of artistic activityli li styletextalign justifyrecognize that artistic life and the practice of the arts have an international dimension and accordingly provide those engaged in artistic activities with all the means and in particular travel and study grants likely to enable them to establish lively and farreaching contacts with other culturesli li styletextalign justifytake all appropriate steps to promote the free international movement of artists and not to hinder the freedom of artists to practice their art in the country of their choice while ensuring that these do not prejudice the development of endogenous talents and the conditions of work and employment of national artistsli li styletextalign justifygive special attention to the needs of traditional artists in particular by facilitating their travel inside and outside their own country to serve the development of local traditionsnbspli ol p styletextalign justify2 As far as possible and without prejudice to the freedom and independence of both artists and educators Member States should undertake and support initiatives to ensure that artists during their training are made aware of their communitys cultural identity including traditional and folk cultures thereby contributing to the affirmation or revival of that identity and those culturesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerV Social statush4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyMember States should promote and protect the status of artists by considering artistic activity including innovation and research as a service to the community They should make it possible for them to enjoy the esteem necessary for the full development of their work and provide the economic safeguards to which artists are entitled as people actively engaged in cultural work Member States shouldnbspp p styletextalign justify1 Grant artists public recognition in the form best suited to their respective cultural environments and establish a system where it does not already exist or is inadequately designed to give artists the prestige to which they are entitledp p styletextalign justify2 See that the artist benefits from the rights and protection provided for in international and national legislation relating to human rightsp p styletextalign justify3 Endeavour to take the necessary steps to see that artists enjoy the same rights as are conferred on a comparable group of the active population by national and international legislation in respect of employment and living and working conditions and see that selfemployed artists enjoy within reasonable limits protection as regards income and social securityp p styletextalign justify4 Recognize the importance of international protection of the rights of artists under the terms of existing conventions and in particular of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works the Universal Copyright Convention and the Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations and take all necessary steps to extend the field of application scope and effectiveness of those instruments particularlyin the case of Member States which have not already done soby considering the possibility of adhering to themp p styletextalign justify5 Recognize the right of trade union and professional organizations of artists to represent and defend the interests of their members and give them the opportunity to advise the public authorities on suitable measures for stimulating artistic activity and ensuring its protection and developmentp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerVI Employment working and living conditions of the artist professional and trade union organizationsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 Being aware of the need to improve the social recognition of artists by according them the moral and material support required to remedy their difficulties Member States are invited top ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyconsider measures for supporting artists at the beginning of their careers in particular during the initial period when they are attempting to devote themselves completely to their artli li styletextalign justifypromote the employment of artists in their own disciplines particularly by devoting a proportion of public expenditure to artistic worksli li styletextalign justifypromote artistic activities within the context of development and stimulate public and private demand for the fruits of artistic activity in order to increase opportunities of paid work for artists inter alia by means of subsidies to art institutions commissions to individual artists or the organization of artistic events at the local regional or national levels and by establishing art fundsli li styletextalign justifyidentify remunerative posts which could given to artists without prejudice to their creativity vocation and freedom of expression and communication and in particularli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxinbspnbspgive artists opportunities in the relevant categories of the educational and social services systems at national and local levels and in libraries museums academies and other public institutionsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiinbspincrease the participation of poets and writers in the overall effort towards the translation of foreign literaturep ol start5 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyencourage the development of the necessary facilities museums concert halls theatres and other forums conducive to fostering the dissemination of the arts and the meeting of artists with the publicli li styletextalign justifystudy the possibility of establishing within the framework of employment policies or public employment services effective machinery to assist artists to find jobs and that of adhering to the FeeCharging Employment Agencies Convention revised No 96 of the International Labour Organization which is listed in the appendix to this Recommendationli ol p styletextalign justify2 Within the context of a general policy to encourage artistic creativity cultural development and the promotion and improvement of conditions of employment Member States are invited wherever possible practical and in the interest of the artist top ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyencourage and facilitate the application of the standards adopted for various groups of the active population to artists and ensure that they enjoy all the rights accorded to the corresponding groups in respect of working conditionsli li styletextalign justifyseek means of extending to artists the legal protection concerning conditions of work and employment defined by the standards of the International Labour Organization in particular the standards relating toli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxinbspnbsphours of work weekly rest and paid leave in all fields of activities more particularly in the case of performers taking into consideration the hours spent in travelling and rehearsal as well as those spent in public performance or appearancesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiinbspprotection of life health and the working environmentp ol start3 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifytake into consideration the particular problems of artists in respect of the premises where they work while at the same time ensuring the preservation of the architectural heritage and the environment and upholding regulations pertaining to safety and health when administering regulations relative to the alteration of artistsnbsppremises where this is in the interest of artistic activityli li styletextalign justifymake provision when necessary for appropriate forms of compensation for artists preferably in consultation with organizations representing artists and their employers when for reasons connected with the nature of the artistic activity undertaken or the artists employment status the standards relating to the matters referred to in paragraph 2bi of this section cannot be observedli li styletextalign justifyrecognize that profitsharing systems in the form of deferred salaries or shares in the profits of production may prejudice artistsnbsprights emvisàvisem their real incomes and social security entitlement and take appropriate measures in such cases to preserve these rightsli ol p styletextalign justify3 With the object of giving specific consideration to the child artist Member States are invited to take account of the provisions of the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of the Childp p styletextalign justify4 Recognizing the part played by professional and trade union organizations in the protection of employment and working conditions Member States are invited to take appropriate steps top ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyobserve and secure observance of the standards relating to freedom of association to the right to organize and to collective bargaining set forth in the international labour conventions listed in the appendix to this Recommendation and ensure that these standards and the general principles on which they are founded may apply to artistsli li styletextalign justifyencourage the free establishment of such organizations in disciplines where they do not yet existli li styletextalign justifyprovide opportunities for all such organizations national or international without prejudice to the right of freedom of association to carry out their role to the fullli ol p styletextalign justify5 Member States are invited to endeavour within their respective cultural environments to provide the same social protection for employed and selfemployed artists as that usually granted respectively to other employed and selfemployed groups Provision should likewise be made for measures to extend appropriate social protection to dependent members of the family The social security system which Member States may find it well to adopt improve or supplement should take into consideration the special features of artistic activity characterized by the intermittent nature of employment and the sharp variations in the incomes of many artists without however this entailing a limitation of the artists freedom to create publish and disseminate his work In this context Member States are invited to consider the adoption of special means of financing social security for artists for example by resorting to new forms of financial participation either by the public authorities or by the business undertakings which market or which use the services or works of artistsp p styletextalign justify6 Recognizing in general that national and international legislation concerning the status of artists is lagging behind the general advances in technology the development of the media of mass communication the means of mechanical reproduction of works of art and of performances the education of the public and the decisive part played by the cultural industries Member States are invited to take wherever necessary appropriate measures top ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyensure that the artist is remunerated for the distribution and commercial exploitation of his work and provide for the artist to maintain control of his work against unauthorized exploitation modification or distributionnbspli li styletextalign justifyprovide to the extent possible for a system guaranteeing the exclusive moral and material rights of artists in respect of any prejudice connected with the technical development of new communication and reproduction media and of cultural industries this means in particular establishing rights for performers including circus and variety artists and puppeteers in doing so it would be appropriate to take account of the provisions of the Rome Convention and with reference to problems arising from the introduction of cable diffusion and video grams of the Recommendation adopted by the Intergovernmental Committee of the Rome Convention in 1979li li styletextalign justifycompensate any prejudice artists might suffer in consequence of the technical development of new communication and reproduction media and of cultural industries by favouring for example publicity for and dissemination of their works and the creation of postsli li styletextalign justifyensure that cultural industries benefiting from technological changes including radio and television organizations and mechanical reproduction undertakings play their part in the effort to encourage and stimulate artistic creation for instance by providing new employment opportunities by publicity by the dissemination of works payment of royalties or by any other means judged equitable for artistsli li styletextalign justifyassist artists and organizations of artists to remedy when they exist the prejudicial effects on their employment or work opportunities of new technologiesli ol p styletextalign justify7 nbspanbspConvinced of the uncertainty of artists incomes and their sudden fluctuations of the special features of artistic activity and of the fact that many artistic callings can be followed only for a relatively short period of life Member States are invited to make provision for pension rights for certain categories of artists according to length of career and not the attainment of a certain age and to take into account in their taxation system the particular conditions of artists work and activityp ol start2 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyin order to preserve the health and prolong the professional activity of certain categories of artists for example ballet dancers dancers vocalists Member States are invited to provide them with adequate medical care not only in the event of incapacity for work but also for the purpose of preventing illness and to consider the possibility of research into the health problems peculiar to artistic professionsli li styletextalign justifytaking into account the fact that a work of art should be considered neither as a consumer good nor as an investment Member States are invited to consider the possibility of alleviating indirect taxation on works of art and on artistic performances at the time of their creation dissemination or first sale and this in the interest of artists or of development of the artsli ol p styletextalign justify8 In view of the growing importance of international exchanges of works of art and contacts between artists and the need to encourage them Member States separately or collectively without prejudice to the development of national cultures are invited top ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyassist freer circulation of such work by eminter aliaem flexible customs arrangements and concessions in relation to import duties particularly as regards temporary importationli li styletextalign justifytake measures to encourage international travel and exchange by artists giving due attention to visiting national artistsli ol p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerVII Cultural policies and participationh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyMember States should endeavour in accordance with paragraphs 1117 and V5 of this Recommendation to take appropriate measures to have the opinions of artists and the professional and trade union organizations representing them as well as of the people at large in the spirit of UNESCOs Recommendation on Participation by the People at Large in Cultural life and their Contribution to It taken carefully into account in the formulation and execution of their cultural policies To this end they are invited to make the necessary arrangements for artists and their organizations to participate in discussions decisionmaking processes and the subsequent implementation of measures aimed eminter aliaem atp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifythe enhancement of the status of artists in society for example measures relating to the employment and working and living conditions of the artist to the provision of material and moral support for artistic activities by the public authorities and to the professional training of the artistli li styletextalign justifythe promotion of culture and art within the community for example measures relating to cultural development to the protection and effective presentation of the cultural heritage including folklore and the other activities of traditional artists to cultural identity to relevant aspects of environmental issues and the use of leisure and to the place of culture and art in educationli li styletextalign justifythe encouragement of international cultural cooperation for example measures relating to the dissemination and translation of works to the exchange of works and of persons and to the organization of regional or international cultural eventsli ol p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerVIII Utilization and implementation of this Recommendationh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 Member States should strive to extend and supplement their own action in respect of the status of the artist by cooperating with all the national or international organizations whose activities are related to the objectives of this Recommendation in particular with National Commissions for UNESCO national and international artists organizations the International Labour Office and the World Intellectual Property Organizationnbspp p styletextalign justify2 Member States should by the most appropriate means support the work of the abovementioned bodies representing artists and enlist their professional cooperation to enable artists to benefit from the provisions set forth in this Recommendation and to obtain recognition of the status described hereinp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIX Existing advantagesh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyWhere artists enjoy in certain respects a status which is more favourable than that provided for in this Recommendation its terms shall not in any case be invoked to diminish the advantages already acquired or directly or indirectly to affect themp p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerstrongAnnexstrongh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerA Universal Declaration of Human Rightsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 22strongh5 p styletextalign justifyEveryone as a member of society has the right to social security and is entitled to realization through national effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State of the economic social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personalityp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 23strongh5 p styletextalign justify1 Everyone has the right to work to free choice of employment to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemploymentp p styletextalign justify2 Everyone without any discrimination has the right to equal pay for equal workp p styletextalign justify3 Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity and supplemented if necessary by other means of social protectionnbspp p styletextalign justify4 Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interestsp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 24strongh5 p styletextalign justifyEveryone has the right to rest and leisure including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with payp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 25strongh5 p styletextalign justify1 Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and wellbeing of himself and of his family including food clothing housing and medical care and necessary social services and the right to security in the event of unemployment sickness disability widowhood old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his controlp p styletextalign justify2 Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance All children whether born in or out of wedlock shall enjoy the same social protectionp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 27strongh5 p styletextalign justify1 Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefitsp p styletextalign justify2 Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific literary or artistic production of which he is the authorp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 28strongh5 p styletextalign justifyEveryone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realizedp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerB International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rightsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 6strongh5 p styletextalign justify1 The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right to work which includes the right of everyone to the opportunity to gain his living by work which he freely chooses or accepts and will take appropriate steps to safeguard this rightp p styletextalign justify2 The steps to be taken by a State Party to the present Covenant to achieve the full realization of this right shall include technical and vocational guidance and training programmes policies and techniques to achieve steady economic social and cultural development and full and productive employment under conditions safeguarding fundamental political and economic freedoms to the individualp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle 15strongh5 p styletextalign justify1nbspThe States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyonep ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyTo take part in cultural lifeli li styletextalign justifyTo enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applicationsli li styletextalign justifyTo benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific literary or artistic production of which he is the authorli ol p styletextalign justify2nbspThe steps to be taken by the States Parties to the present Covenant to achieve the full realization of this right shall include those necessary for the conservation the development and the diffusion of science and culturep p styletextalign justify3nbspThe States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to respect the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activityp p styletextalign justify4nbspThe States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international contacts and cooperation in the scientific and cultural fieldsp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerC Declaration of the Principles of International Cultural Cooperationh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle IIIstrongh5 p styletextalign justifyInternational cultural cooperation shall cover all aspects of intellectual and creative activities relating to education science and culturep p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongArticle IVstrongh5 p styletextalign justifyThe aims of international cultural cooperation in its various forms bilateral or multilateral regional or universal shall bep p styletextalign justify1 To spread knowledge to stimulate talent and to enrich culturesp p styletextalign justify2 To develop peaceful relations and friendship among the peoples and bring about a better understanding of each others way of lifep p styletextalign justify3 To contribute to the application of the principles set out in the United Nations Declarations that are recalled in the Preamble to this Declarationp p styletextalign justify4 To enable everyone to have access to knowledge to enjoy the arts and literature of all peoples to share in advances made in science in all parts of the world and in the resulting benefits and to contribute to the enrichment of cultural lifep p styletextalign justify5 To raise the level of the spiritual and material life of man in all parts of the worldp p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerstrongAppendix International instruments and other texts concerning workers in general or artists in particularstrongh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyA Recommendation on Participation by the People at Large in Cultural Life and their Contribution to It adopted by the General Conference at its nineteenth session Nairobi 26 November 1976p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyB United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political RightsnbspUnited Nations New York 16 December 1966p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyC United Nations Declaration of the Rights of the Child United Nations New York 20 November 1959p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyD Conventions and Recommendations adopted by the International Labour Conference of the International Labour Organisationp p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 Instruments applicable to all workers including artistsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxFreedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention No 87 1948p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxRight to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention No 98 1949p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxDiscrimination Employment and Occupation Convention No Ill 1958p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify2 Instruments on social security with a general application but allowing States to limit their scope of applicationp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxSocial Security Minimum Standards Convention No 102 1952p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxMaternity Protection Convention Revised No 103 1952p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxEquality of Treatment Social Security Convention No 118 1962p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxEmployment Injury Benefits Convention No 121 1964p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxInvalidity OldAge and Survivors Benefits Convention No 128 1967p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxMedical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention No 130 1969p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify3 Instruments applicable to employed workers in general or to certain sectors or categories of workers and applicable in principle to employed artists subject in certain cases to a limitation of the scope of the Convention by a State at the time of ratificationp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyemEmployment and human resources developmentemli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxEmployment Service Convention No 88 1948 Employment Service Recommendation No 83 1948 FeeCharging Employment Agencies Convention Revised No 96 1949 Employment Policy Convention No 122 1964 Employment Policy Recommendation No 122 1964 Human Resources Development Convention No 142 1975 Human Resources Development Recommendation No 150 1975p ol start2 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyemIndustrial relationsemli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxCollective Agreements Recommendation No 91 1951 Voluntary Conciliation and Arbitration Recommendation No 92 1951 Cooperation at the Level of the Undertaking Recommendation No 94 1952 Consultation Industrial and National Levels Recommendation No 113 1960 Communications within the Undertaking Recommendation No 129 1967 Examination of Grievances Recommendation No 130 1967nbspp ol start3 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyemConditions of workemli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxProtection of Wages Convention No 95 1949 Equal Remuneration Convention No lOO 1951nbspEqual Remuneration Recommendation No 90 1951 Termination of Employment Recommendation No 119 1963 Reduction of Hours of Work Recommendation No 116 1962 Weekly Rest Commerce and Offices Convention No 106 1957 Holidays with Pay Convention Revised No 132 1970 Paid Educational Leave Convention No 140 1974 Paid Educational Leave Recommendation No 148 1974 Medical Examination of Young Persons NonIndustrial Occupations Convention No 78 1946nbspMedical Examination of Young Persons Recommendation No 79 1946 Night Work of Young Persons NonIndustrial Occupations Convention No 79 1946 Night Work of Young Persons NonIndustrial Occupations Recommendation No 80 1946 Labour Inspection Convention No 81 1947 Labour Inspection Recommendation No 81 1947 Protection of Workers Health Recommendation No 97 1953 Occupational Health Services Recommendation No 112 1959 Hygiene Commerce and Offices Convention No 120 1964 Occupational Cancer Convention No 139 1974 Occupational Cancer Recommendation No 147 1974 Working Environment Air Pollution Noise and Vibration Convention No 148 1977 Working Environment Air Pollution Noise and Vibration Recommendation No 156 1977 Minimum Age Convention No 138 1973p ol start4 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyemMigrant workersemli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxMigration for Employment Convention Revised No 97 1949 Migration for Employment Recommendation No 86 1949 Migrant Workers Supplementary Provisions Convention No 143 1975 Migrant Workers Recommendation No 151 Organization 1975p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyE International Labour OrganisationUnited Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural OrganizationWorld Intellectual Property Organizationp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxThe International Convention for the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations 1961p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxThe Model Law on the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations 1974p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxRecommendation concerning the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations adopted by the Intergovernmental Committee of the Rome Convention at its seventh session 1979p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyF Copyright Conventions administered by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Property Organizationp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxUniversal Copyright Convention United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization 1952 revised in 1971p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxBerne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works World Intellectual Property Organization 1971p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp

Serbia - October 27, 1980

Recommendation concerning the International Standardization of Statistics on the Public Financing of Cultural Activities

p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization meeting in Belgrade from 23 September to 28 October 1980 at its twentyfirst sessionp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat by virtue of Article IV paragraph 4 of the Constitution it is for the Organization to draw up and adopt instruments for the international regulation of questions falling within its competencep p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat Article VIII of the Constitution provides inter alia that each Member State shall submit to the Organization at such times and in such manner as shall be determined by the General Conference reports on the laws regulations and statistics relating to its educational scientific and cultural institutions and activitiesp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat it is desirable for the national authorities responsible for collecting and communicating statistics relating to the public financing of cultural activities to be guided by certain standards in the matter of definitions classification and presentation in order to improve the international comparability of statistics intended for use not only for general information but also by those responsible for cultural policy and planningnbspp p styletextalign justifystrongBearing in mindstrongnbspthe longterm classification work being undertaken jointly by UNESCO and other United Nations bodies in developing the Framework for Cultural Statistics FCSp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving before itstrongnbspas item 33 of the agenda of the session proposals concerning the international standardization of statistics on the public financing of cultural activitiesp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving decidedstrongnbspat its twentieth session that this question should be made the subject of an international regulation to take the form of a recommendation to Member States within the meaning of Article IV paragraph 4 of the Constitutionp p styletextalign justifystrongAdoptsstrongnbspthe present Recommendation this twentyseventh day of October 1980p p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference recommendsnbspthat Member States should apply the following provisions concerning the international standardization of statistics on the public financing of cultural activitiesnbspregarded as a step towards the development of a comprehensive system including private financing of cultural activitiesnbspby taking whatever legislative measures or other steps which may be required in conformity with the constitutional practice of each State to give effect within their respective territories to the principles and norms formulated in this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference recommendsnbspthat Member States bring this Recommendation to the attention of the authorities and services responsible for collecting and communicating statistics on the public financing of cultural activitiesp p styletextalign justifyThe GeneralnbspConference recommends that Member States forward to it by the dates and in the form it shall prescribe reports concerning action taken by them upon this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerI Scope and definitionsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongScopestrongh5 p styletextalign justify1 This Recommendation relates to statistics designed to provide standardized information in each Member State on the financing of cultural activities through public expenditure other than that included in education and science statisticsp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongDefinition of cultural field and enumeration of constituent activitiesstrongh5 p styletextalign justify2 For the purposes of this Recommendation the cultural field is defined as comprising the following categoriesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 0 Cultural heritageemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at preserving and developing the cultural heritage and cultural structures by such means as the maintenance of monuments and the depositing collecting and communication of the treasures of the pastp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px00 Historical monuments and sitesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px01 Archivesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px02 Museumsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px03 Archaeological excavationsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px04 Other forms of the cultural heritage enjoying official protectionp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px05 Research and training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px06 Such activities necessary for the preservation and registration of the cultural heritage as cannot be included in the other categoriesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 1 Printed material and literatureemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating literary works in printed form ie books periodicals newspapers etc and also the setting up and operation of librariesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px10 Literary creationp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px11 Book publishingp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px12 Periodical and newspaper publishingp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px13 Distribution and marketing of books periodicals and newspapersp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px14 Librariesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px15 Research and training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px16 Subsidiary activities necessary for literary production and printingp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 2 Musicemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating musical works in the form of scores recordings or concertsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px20 Musical creationp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px21 Musical performances instrumental or vocal concertsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px22 Publication of printed musicp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px23 Lyric performances including operas operettas etcp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px24 Publication of recorded music discs magnetic tapes cassettes etcp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px25 Distribution and marketing of printed and recorded musicp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px26 Production and marketing of musical instrumentsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px27 Production and marketing of equipment for the reproduction and recording of music recordplayers taperecorders etcp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px28 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px29 Subsidiary activities necessary for the creation and production of music and of equipmentp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 3 Performing artsemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating works for the performing arts Such works are often literary musical and plastic at one and the same time Creation of works for the performing artsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px31 Dramatic performancesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px32 Choreographic performancesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px33 Other performing arts circus music hall cabarets variety showsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px34 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px35 Subsidiary activities necessary for the performing arts hiring of halls middleman services production and marketing of equipmentp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 4 Plastic artsemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating works of plastic art in the form of paintings sculptures ornaments or craft objectsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px40 Creation of works of plastic artp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px41 Publishing and production of works of plastic artp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px42 Exhibition of works of plastic artp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px43 Dissemination and marketing of plastic artp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px44 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px45 Subsidiary activities necessary for the plastic arts production and marketing of materials and equipment needed for the creation and publishing of works of plastic artp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 5 Cinema and photographyemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating cinematographic or photographic worksp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px50 Cinematographic creation production of cinema filmsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px51 Film distributionp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px52 Film showsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px53 Photographyp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px54 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px55 Subsidiary activities necessary for the cinema and photography production and marketing of films screens cinematographic and photographic cameras sound equipment projectors building and premises used for projectionp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 6 Radio and televisionemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at creating producing or disseminating works for radio or televisionp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px60 Radiop p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px61 Televisionp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px62 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px63 Activities necessary for broadcasting and television production and marketing of transmitters receivers and networksp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 7 Sociocultural activitiesemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at enabling people to express themselves individually or collectively in all aspects of their everyday lifep p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px70 Sociocultural initiative community cultural centers and promotion of amateur activitiesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px71 Civic and professional associationsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px72 Other sociocultural activities ceremonies social functions connected with religious moral ethical or philosophical beliefsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px73 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px74 Other activities necessary for sociocultural activitiesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 8 Sports and gamesemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes the production of sports equipment the construction and maintenance of playing fields and other amenities sports grounds swimming pools gymnasiums etc and also related activities and activities connected with the organization of sports and gamesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px80 Sporting activities and sports association the playing and organization of games matches etcp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px81 Production of sports equipment construction and maintenance of playing fields and other amenitiesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px82 Training outside the formal education systemp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 9 Nature and environmentemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at providing and maintaining installations and services connected with nature and the environment and with the quality of lifep p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px90 Recreational activities connected with nature national parks nature reserves public beaches forest walks etcp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px91 Activities connected with the quality of the urban setting city parks trees recreation areas for children etcp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxemCategory 10 General administration of culture and nonapportionable activitiesemh5 p styletextalign justifyThis category includes activities aimed at providing maintenance equipment and administrative services as well as multipurpose cultural activities which cannot be placed as a whole under one of the preceding categoriesp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px100 General public administration of culturep p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px101 Provision and maintenance of multipurpose cultural equipment covering several categories under the functional classification such as multipurpose halls serving as concert halls cinemas or conference roomsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40px102 Other activities which cannot be broken down by the preceding categoriesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongDefinition of the sector for general government and its constituent bodiesstrongh5 p styletextalign justify3 The definitions in the United Nations System of National Accounts SNA are reproduced below They should be used in compiling the statistics provided for in this Recommendation At the same time account should also be taken of the special features of individual countries including countries with planned management of the national economy in which the Material Product System MPS ie the method of calculating the results of economic activities by material product balances is usedp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyDefinition of the sector for general government All departments offices organizations and other bodies which are agencies or instruments of the central state or local public authorities whether accounted for or financed in ordinary or extraordinary budgets or extrabudgetary funds Included are nonprofit institutions which while not an integral part of a government are wholly or mainly financed and controlled by the public authorities or primarily serve government bodies all social security arrangements for large sections of the population imposed controlled or financed by a government and government enterprises which mainly produce goods and services for government itself or primarily sell goods and services to the public on a small scale Excluded are other government enterprises and public corporationsli li styletextalign justifyThe bodies constituting the sector for general government are subdivided into two subsectorsli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxi The subsector for central government is defined as All departments offices establishments and other bodies classified under general government which are agencies or instruments of the central authority of a country except separately organized social security funds irrespective of whether they are covered in or financed through ordinary or extraordinary budgets or extrabudgetary fundsnbspThe subsector for central government generally comprises the following bodiesp ol stylemarginleft 40px li styletextalign justifythe departments including the department in charge of cultural affairs and other departments intervening in cultural lifeli li styletextalign justifynational public institutions possessing a degree of operational autonomy visavis the departments Some operate like government departments and will therefore be regarded as such Others operate like companies and only the subsidies these bodies receive from the general government agencies responsible for them will be regarded as public financingli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxii The subsector for state and local government is defined as All departments offices establishments and other bodies included under general government which are agencies or instruments of state provincial district municipal or other organs of government except the central authoritynbspThe subsector for state and local government like that for central government generally comprises the following bodiesp ol li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxfederal regional departmental and parochial administrationsli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxpublic institutions of which only those which operate like departments will be included under the head of public expenditures on cultural activities be noted that for each of the two subsectors for general government will need to be taken of the extrabudgetary funds whose financial movements appropriations and disbursements appear in the official accounts outside the budgets of the departments that manage themli ol p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerII Classification of datah4 p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongFunctional classification of public expenditure on cultural activitiesstrongh5 p styletextalign justify4 The functions according to which public expenditure on cultural activities is classified should correspond to the categories into which the cultural field has been subdivided cultural heritage printed material and literature music performing arts plastic arts cinema and photography radio and television sociocultural activities sports and games nature and environment and general administration of culture and nonapportionable activitiesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongEconomic classification of public expenditure on cultural activitiesstrongh5 p styletextalign justify5 It seems appropriate to use the nomenclature proposed by the United Nations System of National Accounts for classifying operations by transactors of the System The categories of expenditure met with in the description of public expenditure on cultural activities are the followingp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxanbspExpenditure on the purchase of goods and servicesp ol start1 styleliststyletype lowerroman marginleft 40px li styletextalign justifyPurchases of goods and services for the operation of general government supplies and equipmentli li styletextalign justifyRemuneration of employeesnbspthe total wage bill paid by general government agencies including contributions to the various social security and insurance schemes for purposes of their work whether the latter consists of mere administration or of activities intervention in cultural lifeli li styletextalign justifyGross fixed capital formationnbspthis consists essentially of the building up of community facilities for cultural life buildings and equipmentli li styletextalign justifyAcquisition of intangible assets purchases of works of art artistic commissions etcli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxb Transfersp ol start1 styleliststyletype lowerroman li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxSubsidiesnbspthese are intended for public and private enterprises and public institutions operating as enterprises and their purpose is to encourage the development of a new activity supplement the income of an existing activity or even to stabilize selling pricesli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxCurrent transfers to nonprofit private institutions serving households which are engaged in all fields of cultural activity eg subsidies to archaeological associations conservation societies literary musical and arts societies etcli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxCurrent transfers to householdssuch as grants to creative artists for social purposes tuition grants study grants etcli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxCapital transfersnbspthese are intended for public and private enterprises or public institutions operating as enterprises for equipment purposesli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxTransfers abroadnbspthese are usually for cultural activities that come into the field of international cooperationli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxCurrent transfers between government departmentsnbspthese mostly take place either between the central government and public institutions or between the central government and the local governmentli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxAny taxes that may be paid by general government agencies for the purpose of their cultural activitiesli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxTax relief for books live performances etcli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxc Financial transactionsp ol start1 styleliststyletype lowerroman li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxRepayment of borrowing carried out specifically for cultural activitiesli li styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxLoans some government departments and public institutions may make loans for certain cultural activities eg loans to publishers or for film productionli ol p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIII Presentation of stastistical datah4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify6 The statistics covered by this Recommendation should be compiled every two years for the central government expenditure and relate to the second year of the preceding twoyear period For the expenditure of local government the periodicity will be four years The particulars furnished should be presented in accordance with the definitions and classifications set out in the previous paragraphs Any discrepancies that may appear between these definitions and classifications and those in use at national level should be pointed out National practices concerning administrative structure and coverage of data likely to influence the statistics on public expenditure for cultural activities should be reportedp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyThe statistical data should be presented in a doubleentry table withli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxi nbspdata related to functional classification entered horizontallyp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxii data related to economic classification entered verticallyp ol start2 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyA doubleentry table should be drawn up by type of public bodyli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxinbsp the subsector for central government departments and public institutions p p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiinbspthe subsector for state and local government local authorities and public institutionsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxnbsp nbspSummary tables should be drawn up whenever possible for the sum total of general government agenciesp ol start3 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyIt should be stated whether the data consists of estimates budgetary data or of transactions actually carried out accounting datali li styletextalign justifyAggregate data could be reported when data by subcategory are unavailableli ol p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp

Serbia - October 27, 1980

Recommendation for the Safeguarding and Preservation of Moving Images

p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization meeting in Belgrade from 23 September to 28 October 1980 at its twentyfirst sessionp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat moving images are an expression of the cultural identity of peoples and because of their educational cultural artistic scientific and historical value form an integral part of a nations cultural heritagenbspp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat moving images constitute new forms of expression particularly characteristic of presentday society whereby an important and everincreasing part of contemporary culture is manifestedp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat moving images also provide a fundamental means of recording the unfolding of events and as such constitute important and often unique testimonies of a new dimension to the history way of life and culture of peoples and to the evolution of the universep p styletextalign justifystrongNotingstrongnbspthat moving images have an increasingly important role to play as a means of communication and mutual understanding among all the peoples of the worldp p styletextalign justifystrongNotingstrongnbspfurthermore that by disseminating knowledge and culture throughout the world moving images contribute extensively to the education and to the enrichment of each human beingp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbsphowever that due to the nature of their material embodiment and the various methods of their fixation moving images are extremely vulnerable and should be maintained under specific technical conditionsnbspp p styletextalign justifystrongNotingstrongnbspfurthermore that many elements of the moving image heritage have disappeared due to deterioration accident or unwarranted disposal which constitutes an irreversible impoverishment of that heritagenbspp p styletextalign justifystrongRecognizingstrongnbspthe results yielded by the efforts of specialized institutions to save moving images from the dangers to which they are exposedp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat it is necessary for each State to take the appropriate complementary measures to ensure the safeguarding and preservation for posterity of this particularly fragile part of its cultural heritage just as other forms of cultural property are safeguarded and preserved as a source of enrichment for present and future generationsp p styletextalign justifystrongConsidering at the same timestrongnbspthat the appropriate measures to ensure the safeguarding and preservation of moving images should be taken with due regard for freedom of opinion expression and information recognized as an essential part of human rights and fundamental freedoms inherent in the dignity of the human being for the need to strengthen peace and international understanding and for the legitimate position of copyright holders and of all the holders of other rights in moving imagesp p styletextalign justifystrongRecognizingstrong strongalsostrongnbspthe rights of States to take appropriate measures for the safeguarding and preservation of moving images taking into account their obligations under international lawp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat moving images created by the peoples of the world also form part of the heritage of mankind as a whole and consequently that closer international cooperation should be promoted to safeguard and preserve these irreplaceable records of human activity and in particular for the benefit of those countries with limited resourcesp p styletextalign justifystrongConsidering furthermorestrongnbspthat due to increasing international cooperation imported moving images have an important role in the cultural life of most countriesp p styletextalign justifystrongConsideringstrongnbspthat important aspects of the history and culture of certain countries and in particular of those previously colonized are recorded in the form of moving images which are not always accessible to the countries concernedp p styletextalign justifystrongNotingstrongnbspthat the General Conference has already adopted international instruments relating to the protection of the movable cultural heritage and in particular the Convention for the Protection of CulturalnbspProperty in the Event of Armed Conflict 1954 the Recommendation on the Means of Prohibiting andnbspPreventing the Illicit Export Import and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1964 the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1970 the Recommendation on the International Exchange of Cultural Property 1976 and the Recommendation on the Protection of Movable Cultural Property 1978p p styletextalign justifystrongDesiringstrongnbspto supplement and extend the application of the standards and principles laid down in these conventions and recommendationsp p styletextalign justifystrongBearing in mindstrongnbspthe terms of the Universal Copyright Convention the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Convention for the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizationsp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving before itnbspstrongproposals concerning the safeguarding and preservation of moving imagesp p styletextalign justifystrongHaving decidedstrongnbspat its twentieth session that this question should be the subject of a Recommendation to Member Statesp p styletextalign justifystrongAdoptsstrongnbspthis twentyseventh day of October 1980 the present Recommendationp p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference recommends that Member States apply the following provisions by taking whatever legislative or other steps may be required in conformity with the constitutional system or practice of each State to give effect within their respective territories to the principles and norms formulated in thisnbspRecommendationp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference recommends that Member States bring this Recommendation to the attentionnbspof the appropriate authorities and bodiesp p styletextalign justifyThe General Conference recommends that Member States submit to it by the dates and in the form which it shall prescribe reports concerning the action taken by them in pursuance of this Recommendationp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerI Definitionsh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify1 For the purposes of this Recommendationp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifymoving imagesnbspshall be taken to mean any series of images recorded on a support irrespective of the method of recording or of the nature of the support such as film tape or disc used in their initial or subsequent fixation with or without accompanying sound which when projected impart an impressionnbspof motion and which are intended for communication or distribution to the public or are made for documentation purposes they shall be taken to include inter alia items in the following categoriesli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxi nbspnbspcinematographic productions such as feature films short films popular science films newsreels and documentaries animated and educational filmsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiinbspnbsptelevision productions made by or for broadcasting organizationsp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiiinbspvideographic productions contained in videograms other than those referred to under i and ii abovep ol start2 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifypreprint materialnbspshall be taken to mean the material support for moving images consisting in the case of a cinematographic film of a negative internegative or interpositive and in the case of a videogram of a master such preprint material being intended for the procurement of copiesli li styletextalign justifyprojection copynbspshall be taken to mean the material support for moving images intended for actual viewing andor the communication of the imagesli ol p styletextalign justify2 For the purpose of this Recommendation national production shall be taken to mean moving images the maker or at least one of the comakers of which has his headquarters or habitual residence withinnbspthe territory of the State concernedp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerII General principlesh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify3 All moving images of national production should be considered by Member States as an integral part of their moving image heritage Moving images of original foreign production may also form part of the cultural heritage of a country when they are of particular national importance from the point of view of the culture or history of the country concerned Should it not be possible for this heritage to be handed down in its entirety to future generations for technical or financial reasons as large a proportion as possible should be safeguarded and preserved The necessary arrangements should be made to ensure that concerted action is taken by all the public and private bodies concerned in order to elaborate and apply an active policy to this endp p styletextalign justify4 The appropriate measures should be taken to ensure that the moving image heritage is afforded adequate physical protection from the depredations wrought by time and by the environment Since poor storage conditions accelerate the deterioration process to which the material supports are continuously subjectnbspand may even lead to their total destruction moving images should be preserved in officially recognized film and television archives and processed according to the highest archival standards Furthermore research should be specifically directed towards the development of high quality and lasting support medianbspfor the proper safeguarding and preservation of moving imagesp p styletextalign justify5 Measures should be taken to prevent the loss unwarranted disposal or deterioration of any item of the national production Means should therefore be instituted in each country whereby preprint material or archival quality copies of moving images may be systematically acquired safeguarded and preserved in public or private nonprofitmaking institutionsp p styletextalign justify6 Access should be made available as far as possible to the works and information sources represented by moving images which are acquired safeguarded and preserved by public and private nonprofitmaking institutions Their utilizations should not prejudice either the legitimate rights or the interests of thosenbspinvolved in the making and exploitation thereof in accordance with the provisions of the UniversalnbspCopyright Convention the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Convention for the Protection of Performers Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations and national legislationp p styletextalign justify7 In order to ensure that a truly effective safeguarding and preservation programme is successfully undertaken the cooperation of all those involved in the making distribution safeguarding and preservation of moving images should be obtained Public information activities should therefore be organized in particular with a view to instilling in the professional circles concerned a general awareness of the significance of moving images for a countrys heritage and the consequent need to safeguard and preserve them as testimonies to the life of contemporary societyp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIII Measures recommendedh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify8 In accordance with the principles set out above and in conformity with their normal constitutional practice Member States are invited to take all the necessary steps including the provision to officially recognized archives of appropriate resources in terms of staff equipment and funds to safeguard andnbsppreserve effectively their moving image heritage in accordance with the following guidelinesp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongLegal and administrative measuresstrongh5 p styletextalign justify9 To ensure that moving images forming part of the cultural heritage of countries are systematically preserved Member States are invited to take measures whereby officially recognized archives are able to acquire for safeguarding and preservation any part or all of their countrys national production Such measures may include for example voluntary arrangements with the holders of rights for the deposit of moving images acquisition of moving images by purchase or donation or the institution of mandatory deposit systems through appropriate legislation or administrative measures Such systems should complement and coexist with existing archival arrangements relating to publicly owned moving images Measures taken should be consistent with the provisions of national legislation and international instruments concerning the protection of human rights copyright and the protection of performers producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations relating to moving images and should take into account the special conditions provided in favour of developing countries in certain of these instruments When mandatory deposit systems are adopted they should provide thatp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifymoving images of national production whatever the physical characteristics of their support medium or the purpose for which they were created should be deposited in at least one complete copy of the highest archival quality preferably in the form of preprint materialli li styletextalign justifythe material should be deposited by the maker as defined by national legislation having his headquarters or habitual residence within the territory of the State concerned irrespective of any coproduction arrangement made with a foreign makerli li styletextalign justifythe material deposited should be preserved in officially recognized tilm or television archives where they do not exist every effort should be made to establish such institutions at the national andor regional level pending the establishment of officially recognized archives the material should be provisionally stored in appropriately equipped premisesli li styletextalign justifythe deposit should be made as soon as possible within a maximum timelimit fixed by national regulationsli li styletextalign justifythe depositor should have controlled access to the deposited material whenever further printing is required on condition that such access does not cause any damage to or deterioration of the material depositednbspli li styletextalign justifythe officially recognized archives should be entitled subject to the relevant provisions of international conventions and of national legislation governing copyright and the protection of performers producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations toli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxinbspnbsptake all the necessary measures in order to safeguard and preserve the moving image heritage and where possible to enhance the technical quality where the reproduction of moving images is involved due regard should be given to all the rights in the images concernedp p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxiinbsppermit the viewing on their premises of a projection copy on a nonprofitmaking basis by a limited number of viewers for purposes of teaching scholarship or research provided that such use does not conflict with the normal exploitation of the work and on condition that no deterioration of or damage to the material deposited is thereby causedp ol start7 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifythe material deposited and the copies made therefrom should not be used for any other purposes nor should their contents be modifiedli li styletextalign justifyofficially recognized archives should be entitled to request users to make a reasonable contribution to the cost of the services providedli ol p styletextalign justify10 The safeguarding and preservation of all moving images of national production should be regarded as the highest objective However until such time as developments in technology make this feasible everywhere in those cases where it is not possible for technical reasons of cost or space to record all publicly broadcast moving images or to safeguard and preserve on a longterm basis all the material deposited each Member State is invited to establish the principles for determining which images should be recorded andor deposited for posterity including ephemeral recordingsnbsphaving an exceptional documentary character Those moving images which because of their educational cultural artistic scientific and historical value form part of a nations cultural heritage should be retained on a priority basis Any system introduced to this end should foresee that selection should be based on the broadest possible consensus of informed opinion and should take particular account of the appraisal criteria established by the archival profession Furthermore due care should be taken to prevent the elimination of material until sufficient time has elapsed to allow for the necessary perspective Material eliminated in this way should be returned to the depositornbspp p styletextalign justify11 Foreign producers and those responsible for the public distribution of moving images made abroad should be encouraged in accordance with the spirit of this Recommendation and without prejudice to the free movement of moving images across national borders to deposit voluntarily in the officially recognized archives of the countries in which they are publicly distributed a copy of moving images of the highest archival quality subject to all the rights therein In particular those responsible for the distribution of moving images dubbed or subtitled in the language or languages of the country in which they are publicly distributed which are regarded as an integral part of the moving image heritage of the country concerned or which are of significant value for the cultural needs of teaching or research should be urged to deposit the material relating to these images in the spirit of international cooperation Officially recognized archives should seek establishment of such deposit systems and furthermore the acquisition subject to all the rights therein of copies of moving images which are of exceptional universal value even if they have not been publicly distributed in the country concerned Control of and access to such material should be governed by the provisions of paragraph 9e f g and h abovep p styletextalign justify12 Member States are invited to conduct followup studies on the effectiveness of the measures proposed in paragraph 11 If following a reasonable trial period the suggested form of voluntary deposit fails to ensure the adequate safeguarding and preservation of adapted moving images that are of particular national importance from the standpoint of the culture or history of a State it would be for the State concerned under the provisions of its national legislation to define such measures as would prevent the disappearance particularly through destruction of copies of adapted moving images due regard being given to the rights of all those holding legitimate rights in such moving images of particular national importancep p styletextalign justify13 Member States are invited furthermore to investigate the feasibility of permittingtaking due account of international conventions concerning copyright and the protection of performers producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizationsofficially recognized archives to utilize the deposited material for research and recognized teaching purposes provided that such utilization does not conflict with the normal exploitation of the worksp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongTechnical measuresstrongh5 p styletextalign justify14 Member States are invited to play due attention to the archival standards concerning storage and treatment of moving images recommended by the international organizations competent in the field of the safeguarding and preservation of moving imagesp p styletextalign justify15 Furthermore Member States are invited to make the necessary arrangements to ensure that the institutions responsible for safeguarding and preserving the moving image heritage take the following measuresnbspp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyestablish and make available national filmographies and catalogues of all categories of moving images and descriptions of their holdings seeking where possible the standardization of cataloguing systems these documentary materials would together form an inventory of the countrys moving image heritageli li styletextalign justifycollect preserve and make available for research purposes institutional records personal papers and other material that document the origin production distribution and projection of moving images subject to the agreement of those concernedli li styletextalign justifymaintain in good condition the equipment some of which may no longer be in general use but which may be necessary for the reproduction and projection of material preserved or should that not prove possible ensure that the moving images concerned are transferred onto another material support permitting their reproduction and projectionli li styletextalign justifyensure that the standards applicable to the storage safeguarding preservation restoration and duplication of moving images are rigorously appliedli li styletextalign justifyas far as possible improve the technical quality of the moving images to be safeguarded and preserved ensuring that they are in a condition conducive to their longterm and effective storage and use when treatment involves the reproduction of material due regard should be given to all the rights in the images concernedli ol p styletextalign justify16 Member States are invited to encourage private bodies and individuals holding moving images to take the necessary steps to ensure the safeguarding and preservation of these images under adequate technical conditions These bodies and individuals should be encouraged to entrust to officially recognized archives the preprint material if available or in default thereof copies of moving images made before the introduction of the deposit systemp p styletextalign justifynbspp h5 styletextalign centerstrongSupplementary measuresstrongh5 p styletextalign justify17 Member States are invited to encourage the competent authorities and other bodies concerned with the safeguarding and preservation of moving images to undertake public information activities in order tonbspp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifypromote among all those involved in the making and distribution of moving images an appreciation of the lasting value of such images from the educational cultural artistic scientific and historical points of view and an awareness of the consequent need to collaborate in their safeguarding and preservationli li styletextalign justifydraw the attention of the public at large to the educational cultural artistic scientific and historical importance of moving images and to the measures necessary for their safeguarding and preservationnbspli ol p styletextalign justify18 Measures should be taken at the national level in order to coordinate research in fields related to the safeguarding and preservation of moving images and to encourage research specifically directed towards their longterm preservation at a reasonable cost Information on methods and techniques for safeguarding and preserving moving images including the results of relevant research should be disseminated to all concernednbspp p styletextalign justify19 Training programmes in the safeguarding and restoration of moving images should be organized covering the most recent methods and techniquesnbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp h4 styletextalign centerIV International cooperationh4 p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justify20 Member States are invited to associate their efforts in order to promote the safeguarding and preservation of moving images which form part of the cultural heritage of nations Such cooperation should be stimulated by the competent international governmental and nongovernmental organizations and should comprise the following measuresp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyparticipation in international programmes for the establishment of the necessary infrastructure at the regional or national level to safeguard and preserve the moving image heritage of countries which do not possess appropriate facilities or adequate resourcesli li styletextalign justifyexchange of information on methods and techniques for the safeguarding and preservation of moving images and in particular on the findings of recent researchnbspli li styletextalign justifyorganization of national or international training courses in related fields in particular for nationals of developing countriesli li styletextalign justifyjoint action for the standardization of cataloguing methods specifically intended for archival holdings of moving imagesli li styletextalign justifyauthorization subject to the relevant provisions of international conventions and of national legislation governing copyright and the protection of performers producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations of the lending of copies of moving images to other officially recognized archives exclusively for purposes of teaching scholarship or research provided that the consent of the holders of rights and the archives concerned is obtained to such lending and that no deterioration of or damage to the material lent is thereby causedli ol p styletextalign justify21 Technical cooperation should be provided in particular to developing countries in order to ensure or facilitate the adequate safeguarding and preservation of their moving image heritagenbspp p styletextalign justify22 Member States are invited to cooperate for the purpose of enabling any State to gain access to moving images that relate to its history or culture and of which it does not hold either preprint material or projection copies To this end each Member State is invitedp ol start1 styleliststyletype loweralpha li styletextalign justifyto facilitate in the case of moving images on deposit in officially recognized archives and which relate to the history or culture of another country the acquisition by the officially recognized archives of that country of either preprint material or a projection copy thereofli li styletextalign justifyto encourage private bodies or institutions within its territory which hold such moving images to deposit on a voluntary basis either preprint material or a projection copy thereof with the officially recognized archives of the country concernedli ol p styletextalign justify marginleft 40pxWhere necessary the material supplied in accordance with a and b above should be made available against reimbursement of the cost by the requesting body However in view of the cost involved preprint material or projection copies of moving images held by Member States as public property and which relate to the history and culture of developing countries should be made available to the officially recognized archives of those countries under especially favourable conditions Any material provided in accordance with this paragraph should be made available subject to any copyright and any rights of performers producers of phonograms or broadcasting organizations which may exist thereinp p styletextalign justify23 When moving images forming part of a countrys cultural or historical heritage have been lost by that country whatever the circumstances and in particular as a consequence of colonial or foreign occupation Member States are invited in connection with requests for such images to cooperate in the spirit of resolution 5101l III adopted by the General Conference at its twentieth sessionp p styletextalign justifynbspp p styletextalign justifynbspp

Serbia - October 27, 1980